Geoff Burleigh 2020 Mitchell Coleman 2019 Bob Sweatt 2018 Margarita Orlova Geoff Burleigh 2021 Julie A. Kierstead 2023 Cynthia Powell 2003 Michael Charters 2011 Robert Sivinski 2019 Detto Kennedy 2018 Cynthia Powell 2020 Paul Watts 2016 James Gonsman 2021 Kathleen Wing 2021 Julie A. Kierstead 2021 Julie A. Kierstead 2019 Bev Laumann 2000 Gary A. Monroe
Iris missouriensis is a perennial herb that is native to California, and also found elsewhere in western North America.
[Wikipedia] Range, Description, Uses, Toxicity: Iris missouriensis (syn. I. montana) is a hardy flowering rhizomatous species of the genus Iris, in the family Iridaceae. Its common names include western blue flag, Rocky Mountain iris,[2] and Missouri flag.
It is native to western North America. Its distribution is varied; it grows at high elevations in mountains and alpine meadows and all the way down to sea level in coastal hills.[3][4]
Description
The three, usually light blue, sepals have purple lines and surround the three smaller darker-blue petals.
Iris missouriensis is an erect herbaceous rhizomatous perennial, 20 to 40 centimetres (7+7?8 to 15+3?4 in) high, with leafless unbranched scapes (flowering stems) and linear basal leaves, 5 to 10 mm wide, similar in height to the scapes. The inflorescence usually consists of one or two flowers, exceptionally three or four. Each flower has three light to dark blue, spreading or reflexed sepals lined with purple and three smaller upright blue petals.[5][6][7][8] They produce a large fruit capsule.[9]
The plant populations often spread outwards from the older plants, leaving a dead opening in the center of a growing ring.[9]
Uses
Some Native American tribes made cordage from the plant's stems and leaves.[10] Some Plateau Indian tribes used the roots to treat toothache.[11] The Navajo used a decoction of the plant as an emetic.[12] Plains Indians are said to have extracted the toxin irisin from the plant to use as arrow poison.[9] The Zuni apply a poultice of chewed root to increase the strength of newborns and infants.[13]
This iris is listed as a weed in some areas, particularly in agricultural California. It is bitter and distasteful to livestock and heavy growths of the plant are a nuisance in pasture land. Heavy grazing in an area promotes the growth of this hardy iris.[7]
The plant is widely cultivated in temperate regions.[14]
Toxicity
The plant is toxic, particularly the rootstalks, which contain the potentially lethal irisin.[9] (contributed by Mary Ann Machi)
/app/up/burl2/th/MP161036.jpg:!/app/up/entry/198/th/59475.jpg:!/app/up/entry/135/th/40702.jpg:!/app/up/entry/165/th/49670.jpg:!/app/up/burl2/th/MP161037.jpg:!/app/up/entry/327/th/98104.jpg:!/app/up/io/360/th/io108045-0.jpg:!0000 0000 0403 0666:!0000 0000 0111 0569:!/app/up/mg/283/th/mg85106-0.jpg:!/app/up/mg/233/th/mg69951-1.jpg:!/app/up/io/102/th/io30831-2.jpg:!/app/up/gp/29/th/5893.jpg:!/app/up/entry/330/th/99148.jpg:!/app/up/entry/327/th/98101.jpg:!/app/up/entry/327/th/98100.jpg:!/app/up/entry/100/th/30067.jpg:!0000 0000 1202 0516:!
Geoff Burleigh:!2020 Mitchell Coleman:!2019 Bob Sweatt:!2018 Margarita Orlova:!Geoff Burleigh:!2021 Julie A. Kierstead:!2023 Cynthia Powell:!2003 Michael Charters:!2011 Robert Sivinski:!2019 Detto Kennedy:!2018 Cynthia Powell:!2020 Paul Watts:!2016 James Gonsman:!2021 Kathleen Wing:!2021 Julie A. Kierstead:!2021 Julie A. Kierstead:!2019 Bev Laumann:!2000 Gary A. Monroe:!
bur5765:!mu6994:!mu793:!mu3913:!bur5765:!mu17841:!io108045:!null:!null:!mg85106:!mg69951:!io30831:!gp5893:!mu18099:!mu17841:!mu17841:!po136446:!null:!
Suggested Citation
Calflora:
Information on California plants for education, research and conservation,
with data contributed by
public and private institutions and individuals.
[web application]. 2023. Berkeley, California:The Calflora Database
[a non-profit organization].Available:
https://www.calflora.org/(Accessed: 11/29/2023).