[Cal-IPC] Invasiveness: Cakile maritima (European sea rocket) is a succulent annual or perennial (family Brassicaceae) found in coastal dunes spread throughout the coast of California. European sea rocket is a common invasive plant, but its impacts appear to be relatively minor. European sea rocket reproduces by seed, which is distributed by ship ballasts, sand transport, tidal movement, and human activity. In comparison to native dune plants, it produces more seed, disperses greater distances, and tolerates more disturbances. Laboratory experiments demonstrate that the plant may have allelopathic effects, but these effects have not been observed in field experiments. (contributed by Mary Ann Machi)

[www.centralcoastbiodiversity.org] Europe native: Habitat & Range: European rocket grows on sandy beaches. It is an introduced species from Europe found along some coastlines in the United States and British Columbia. European searocket appears to be replacing American searocket along the west coasts of both North America and Australia. (contributed by Mary Ann Machi)